He aha nā mea hana i hoʻohana ʻia i nā uea a me nā kaula hoʻopaʻa ahi?

ʻO ka uea flame retardant, pili i ka uea me ke ahi retardant kūlana, maʻamau i ka hihia o ka ho'āʻo, ma hope o ka uea i ke ahi, ina i ka mana lako e okiia, ke ahi e hoomaluia i loko o kekahi laulā, aole e laha, me ka lapalapa ahi retardant a inhibit toxic uwahi hana. ʻO ke kelepona pale ahi he ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka palekana uila, he mea koʻikoʻi ke koho ʻana o kāna mau mea, ʻo ka mākeke o kēia manawa i hoʻohana maʻamau i nā mea uea flame retardant.PVC, XLPE, ka pulupulu silikoni a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe mineral.

Waea pale ahi a me ke koho mea uwea

ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka oxygen index o ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i ke kaula hoʻopaʻa ahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana ʻana o ka lapalapa ahi, akā me ka piʻi ʻana o ka index oxygen, pono e nalowale kekahi mau waiwai ʻē aʻe. Inā hoʻemi ʻia nā waiwai kino a me nā waiwai kaʻina o ka mea, paʻakikī ka hana, a hoʻonui ʻia ke kumukūʻai o ka mea, no laila pono e koho kūpono a kūpono i ka helu oxygen, hiki i ka helu oxygen o ka mea insulation maʻamau i 30, hiki i ka huahana ke hele i nā koi hōʻike o ka papa C i ka maʻamau, inā ʻo ka sheathing a me ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā mea he mau mea pale ahi ahi, hiki i ka huahana ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka Class B. māhele ʻia i nā mea pale ahi halogenated a me nā mea pale ahi ʻole halogen;

1. ʻO nā mea pale ahi halogenated

Ma muli o ka decomposition a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka hydrogen halide i ka wā e wela ai ka puhi ʻana, hiki i ka hydrogen halide ke hopu i ke aʻa manuahi manuahi ʻole HO, i hoʻopaneʻe a hoʻopau ʻia ka puhi ʻana o ka mea e hoʻokō ai i ke kumu o ka pale ahi. Hoʻohana maʻamau ka polyvinyl chloride, neoprene rubber, chlorosulfonated polyethylene, ethylene-propylene rubber a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

(1) Flame retardant polyvinyl chloride (PVC): Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kūʻai o PVC, ka hoʻokaʻawale maikaʻi a me ka pale ahi, ua hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka uea ahi a me ke kaula. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka lapalapa ahi o PVC, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā mea pale ahi halogen (decabromodiphenyl ethers), chlorinated paraffins a me synergic flame retardants i ke ʻano e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka retardancy lapalapa o PVC.

Ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM): non-polar hydrocarbons, me nā waiwai uila maikaʻi loa, ke kūpaʻa insulation kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa dielectric nalowale, akā ʻo ka ethylene propylene rubber he mau mea lapalapa, pono mākou e hoʻemi i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka crosslinking ethylene propylene rubber, hoʻemi i ka molecular chain disconnection ma muli o nā mea haʻahaʻa molekala kaumaha, i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka waiwai o ke ahi;

(2) ʻO ka uahi haʻahaʻa a me nā mea pale ahi halogen haʻahaʻa
Nui no ka polyvinyl chloride a me ka chlorosulfonated polyethylene ʻelua mau mea. E hoʻohui iā CaCO3 a me A(IOH)3 i ke ʻano o PVC. Hiki i ka Zinc borate a me ka MoO3 ke hoʻemi i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka HCL a me ka nui o ka uahi o ka polyvinyl chloride pale ahi, e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka retardancy o ka lapalapa o ka mea, e hōʻemi ana i ka halogen, ka pua waika, ka uahi, akā hiki ke hoʻemi iki i ka helu oxygen.

2. ʻO nā mea pale ahi ʻole halogen

ʻO nā polyolefins he mau mea halogen ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi nā hydrocarbons e wāwahi i ke kalapona a me ka wai ke puhi ʻia me ka hana ʻole ʻana i ka uahi nui a me nā kinoea ʻino. ʻO ka polyolefin ka nui o ka polyethylene (PE) a me ka ethylene - vinyl acetate polymers (E-VA). ʻAʻole i loaʻa i kēia mau mea i ka lapalapa ahi, pono e hoʻohui i nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi inorganic a me nā phosphorus series flame retardants, i mea e hana ai i nā mea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ke ahi me ka halogen; Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka nele o nā pūʻulu polar ma ke kaulahao mole o nā mea non-polar me ka hydrophobicity, ʻilihune ka pilina me nā mea hoʻopaʻa ahi inorganic, paʻakikī ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa. I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana ʻili o ka polyolefin, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā surfactants i ke ʻano. A i ʻole i ka polyolefin i hui pū ʻia me nā polymers i loaʻa nā pūʻulu polar, i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka nui o ka hoʻopiha piha ʻana o ka lapalapa ahi, hoʻomaikaʻi i nā waiwai mechanical a me nā waiwai o ka hana ʻana o ka mea, ʻoiai e loaʻa ana ka maikaʻi o ka lapalapa ahi. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka uwea pale ahi a me ke kaula, a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana.