Ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka pale uea: ʻano, hana, a me ka mea nui

ʻO ke kaula pale pale i ʻelua mau huaʻōlelo, e like me ka manaʻo o ka inoa, ʻo ia ke kaula hoʻouna me ke kūʻē hoʻopilikia electromagnetic waho i hana ʻia e ka papa pale. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "pale" ma ke ʻano o ke kaula he mea ia e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā māla uila. ʻO ka conductor o ke kaula i haku ʻia me nā kaula he nui o ka uea, kahi maʻalahi e hana i kahi ākea ea ma waena o ia a me ka papa insulation, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻili o ka conductor, e hoʻoulu ai i ka neʻe ʻana o ke kahua uila.

1. ʻO ke kaula pale pale
(1). E hoʻohui i kahi ʻāpana pale o nā mea semi-conductive ma luna o ka ʻili o ka conductor, ʻo ia ka equipotential me ka conductor pale a me ka launa maikaʻi ʻana me ka papa insulation, i mea e pale aku ai i ka hoʻokuʻu hapa ma waena o ka conductor a me ka papa insulation. ʻO kēia papa o ka pale i ʻike pū ʻia ʻo ka ʻāpana pale i loko. He mau āwāwa paha ma ka hoʻopili ʻana ma waena o ka ʻili o ka insulation a me ka puʻu, a i ka wā e piʻo ai ke kaula, ua maʻalahi ka ʻili o ka ʻaila ʻaila-pepa i nā māwae, ʻo ia nā kumu e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai ka hapa.
(2). E hoʻohui i kahi papa pale o nā mea semi-conductive ma luna o ka ʻili o ka ʻāpana insulation, kahi pilina maikaʻi me ka pale insulation layer a me ka like like me ka puʻu metala, i mea e pale ʻole ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana ma waena o ka ʻāpana insulation a me ka puʻu.

I mea e hoʻokō pono ai i ke kumu a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke kahua uila, 6kV a ma luna aʻe a me nā kaula uila uila kiʻekiʻe i loaʻa i kahi papa pale conductor a me kahi papa pale insulating, a ʻo kekahi mau kaula haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ʻaʻohe wahi pale. ʻElua ʻano o nā papa pale: pale semi-conductive a me ka pale metala.

2. Uea pale
ʻO ka pale pale o kēia kaula i hoʻopaʻa nui ʻia i loko o kahi pūnaewele o nā uwea metala a i ʻole kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni metala, a aia nā ʻano ʻano like ʻole o ka pale hoʻokahi a me ka pale lehulehu. ʻO ka pale pale hoʻokahi e pili ana i kahi ʻupena pale a i ʻole kiʻi pale, hiki ke hoʻopili i hoʻokahi uea a ʻoi aku paha. ʻO keʻano pale pale he plurality o nā pūnaewele pale, a aia ke kiʻi pale i hoʻokahi kaula. Hoʻohana ʻia kekahi no ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka interference electromagnetic ma waena o nā uea, a ʻo kekahi he pale pale pālua i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻoikaika i ka hopena pale. ʻO ke ʻano o ka pale ʻana, ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka papa pale e hoʻokaʻawale i ka voli interference i hoʻokomo ʻia o ka uea waho.

(1) Semi-conductive pale
Hoʻonohonoho pinepine ʻia ka ʻāpana pale semi-conductive ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ke kumu uea conductive a me ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ka papa insulating, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka ʻāpana pale semi-conductive i loko a me ka ʻaoʻao semi-conductive o waho. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka papa pale semi-conductive me kahi mea semi-conductive me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ka mānoanoa lahilahi. Hoʻolālā ʻia ka papa pale semi-conductive i loko e hoʻohālikelike i ke kahua uila ma ka ʻaoʻao o waho o ke kumu conductor a pale i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka conductor a me ka insulation ma muli o ka ʻili ʻole o ka conductor a me ka ea ea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka stranded core. ʻO ka ʻaoʻao pale semi-conductive waho e pili maikaʻi ana me ka ʻili o waho o ka ʻāpana insulation, a ua kūlike me ka puʻu metala e pale aku ai i ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana me ka pahu metala ma muli o nā hemahema e like me nā māwae ma ka ʻili o ka insulation cable.

(2) Palena metala
No nā kaula uila haʻahaʻa a haʻahaʻa me ka ʻole o nā ʻaʻahu metala, pono e hoʻohui ʻia kahi ʻāpana pale metala me kahi ʻāpana pale semi-conductive. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia ka papa pale metala elipine keleawea i ʻole uea keleawe, ka mea nui i ka pale ʻana i ke kahua uila.

Ma muli o ka nui o ke au ma o ke kaula mana, e hana ʻia ke kahua magnetic a puni ke au, i ʻole e hoʻopili i nā mea ʻē aʻe, no laila hiki i ka papa pale ke pale i kēia kahua electromagnetic i ke kaula. Eia kekahi, hiki i ke kaula pale pale ke pāʻani i kekahi hana i ka pale ʻana i ka honua. Inā pōʻino ke kumu uwea, hiki i ke au i kahe ke kahe ma ke kahe ʻana o ka laminar pale, e like me ka pūnaewele kahua, e pāʻani i kahi kuleana i ka pale palekana. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia he nui loa ka hana o ka pale pale kaula.