Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā ʻāpana hana o ka uea a me nā huahana uea i ʻehā mau ʻāpana nui:nā alakaʻi, nā papa hoʻokaʻawale, nā pale a me nā papa pale, me nā mea hoʻopiha piha a me nā mea tensile. E like me nā koi hoʻohana a me nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi, maʻalahi kekahi mau hale huahana, loaʻa nā conductors wale nō ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolālā, e like me nā uea ma luna o ke poʻo, nā uea pūnaewele pili, nā busbar keleawe-aluminum (busbars), etc. hilinaʻi nā huahana i nā insulators i ka wā o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka mamao spatial (ʻo ia hoʻi, insulation ea) e hōʻoia i ka palekana.
1. Na alakai
ʻO nā mea hoʻokele ka mea koʻikoʻi a koʻikoʻi ke kuleana no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka ʻike uila a i ʻole ka ʻike hawewe electromagnetic i loko o kahi huahana. ʻO nā mea hoʻokele, i kapa pinepine ʻia ʻo nā core wire conductive, ua hana ʻia mai nā metala non-ferrous kiʻekiʻe e like me ke keleawe, aluminika, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
2. Nā Papa Hoʻokaʻawale
Hoʻopili kēia mau ʻāpana i nā conductors, e hāʻawi ana i ka insulation uila. Hoʻopaʻa lākou i ka hele ʻana o nā nalu o kēia manawa a i ʻole electromagnetic/optical i hele wale ma ka conductor a ʻaʻole i waho. Mālama nā papa insulation i ka hiki (ʻo ia hoʻi, ka volta) ma luna o ka conductor mai ka hoʻohuli ʻana i nā mea a puni a me ka hōʻoia i ka hana maʻamau o ka conductor a me ka palekana o waho no nā mea a me nā kānaka.
ʻO nā mea hoʻokele a me nā papa insulation nā ʻāpana kumu ʻelua e pono ai no nā huahana uea (koe wale nā uea ʻole).
3. Nā Papa Pale
I nā kūlana kaiapuni like ʻole i ka wā o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, pono e loaʻa i nā huahana uea a me nā uea nā mea e hāʻawi i ka pale, ʻoi loa no ka papa insulation. ʻIke ʻia kēia mau ʻāpana he mau papa pale.
No ka mea pono e loaʻa i nā mea insulation nā waiwai insulation uila maikaʻi loa, pono lākou i ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka liʻiliʻi o ka haumia. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau mea ke hāʻawi i ka pale i ka manawa like mai nā kumu o waho (ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mana mechanical i ka wā o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana, ke kūʻē ʻana i nā kūlana o ka lewa, nā kemika, nā aila, nā hoʻoweliweli olaola, a me nā pōʻino ahi). Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau koi e nā ʻano papa pale like ʻole.
No nā uwea i hoʻolālā ʻia no nā kaiapuni waho maikaʻi (e laʻa, maʻemaʻe, maloʻo, nā wahi i loko me ka ʻole o nā mana mechanical o waho), a i ʻole i nā hihia i hōʻike ʻia ai ka ʻāpana insulation ponoʻī i kekahi ikaika mechanical a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ke aniau, ʻaʻohe koi no kahi papa pale e like me he ʻāpana.
4. Palekana
He mea ia i loko o nā huahana kelepona e hoʻokaʻawale i ke kahua electromagnetic i loko o ke kaula mai nā kahua electromagnetic waho. ʻOiai ma waena o nā hui like ʻole a i ʻole nā hui i loko o nā huahana kelepona, pono ke kaʻawale ʻana i kekahi. Hiki ke wehewehe ʻia ka papa pale ma ke ʻano he "pale hoʻokaʻawale electromagnetic."
No nā makahiki he nui, ua noʻonoʻo ka ʻoihana i ka pale pale ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka hoʻolālā pale. Eia naʻe, manaʻo ʻia e noʻonoʻo ʻia he ʻāpana ʻokoʻa. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻo ka hana o ka papa pale ʻaʻole ia e hoʻokaʻawale i ka electromagnetically i ka ʻike i hoʻouna ʻia i loko o ka huahana cable, e pale ana i ka lī ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i nā mea kani o waho a i ʻole nā laina ʻē aʻe, akā no ka pale ʻana i nā hawewe electromagnetic waho mai ke komo ʻana i ka huahana uea. hoʻopili electromagnetic. ʻOkoʻa kēia mau koi mai nā hana papa pale kuʻuna. Hoʻohui ʻia, ʻaʻole i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka papa pale ma waho wale nō i loko o ka huahana akā waiho pū ʻia ma waena o kēlā me kēia pālua uea a i ʻole nā pālua he nui i ke kaula. I loko o nā makahiki he ʻumi i hala iho nei, ma muli o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana o nā ʻōnaehana hoʻouna ʻike e hoʻohana ana i nā uwea a me nā kaula, me ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o nā kumu hawewe electromagnetic interference i ka lewa, ua hoʻonui ʻia nā ʻano hale pale. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana ʻo ka papa pale he mea koʻikoʻi o nā huahana uea i ʻae ʻia.
ʻO ka nui o nā uea a me nā huahana uwea he multi-core, e like me ka hapa nui o nā uwea mana haʻahaʻa he ʻehā-core a i ʻole ʻelima-core (kūpono no nā ʻōnaehana ʻekolu-phase), a me nā kelepona kelepona mai ka 800 a i ka 3600 pairs. Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i kēia mau cores insulated a i ʻole nā hui uea i loko o ke kaula (a i ʻole ka hui ʻana i nā manawa he nui), aia nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā āpau nui ma waena o nā cores insulated a i ʻole nā hui uea. No laila, pono e hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha i ka wā o ka hui ʻana o ke kaula. ʻO ke kumu o kēia kūkulu ʻana, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i kahi anawaena like ʻole o waho i ka wili, hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka ʻōwili ʻana a me ka extrusion sheath. Eia kekahi, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka paʻa ʻana o ke kaula a me ka paʻa o loko, ka puʻunaue like ʻana i nā pūʻali i ka wā o ka hoʻohana ʻana (ka hoʻopololei, hoʻoemi, a me ke kulou ʻana i ka wā o ka hana ʻana a me ka waiho ʻana) i mea e pale ai i ka pōʻino i ka hale o loko o ke kaula.
No laila, ʻoiai he mea kōkua ka hoʻopihapiha hoʻopihapiha, pono ia. Aia nā lula kikoʻī e pili ana i ke koho ʻana a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana o kēia hale.
ʻO nā uea kuʻuna a me nā huahana kelepona e hilinaʻi maʻamau i ka papa pale o ka papa pale e pale aku i nā ikaika tensile o waho a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī i hoʻokumu ʻia e ko lākou kaumaha ponoʻī. ʻO nā hale maʻamau, ʻo ia ka pale kila lipine a me ke kāʻei uea kila (e like me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā uea kila mānoanoa 8mm, i wili ʻia i loko o kahi papa pale, no nā kaula submarine). Eia nō naʻe, i loko o nā kaula fiber optical, e pale i ka fiber mai nā ikaika tensile liʻiliʻi, e pale aku i kekahi deformation liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka hana hoʻoili, hoʻokomo ʻia nā uhi mua a me ke kula kiʻekiʻe a me nā ʻāpana tensile kūikawā i loko o ke ʻano o ke kaula. No ka laʻana, ma nā kelepona poʻo kelepona paʻa, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia kahi uwea keleawe maikaʻi a i ʻole ka lipine keleawe lahilahi a puni ka fiber synthetic me kahi papa insulating, kahi e hana ai ka fiber synthetic ma ke ʻano he tensile. Ma ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa, i nā makahiki i hala iho nei, i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā huahana liʻiliʻi a maʻalahi hoʻi e koi ai i nā wili a me nā wili he nui, ʻo nā mea tensile ka mea nui.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-19-2023