ʻO ke ʻano kumu o ka uea a me ke kaula e pili ana i ka conductor, insulation, shielding, sheath a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.
1. Ke alakai
Hana: ʻO Conductor kahi ʻāpana o ka uea a me ke kaula e hoʻouna i ka ikehu uila (magnetic), ʻike a ʻike i nā hana kikoʻī o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu electromagnetic.
Mea: Loaʻa ka nui o nā conductors uncoated, e like me ke keleawe, ke alumini, ke keleawe keleawe, ke alumini alumini; nā mea hoʻokele metala, e like me ke keleawe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ke keleawe i uhi ʻia i ke kālā, ke keleawe i uhi ʻia i ka nickel; nā mea hoʻokele metala, e like me ke kila keleawe, ka alumini keleawe, ke kila aluminika, etc.
2. Hoʻokuʻu
Hana: Hoʻopili ʻia ka papa insulating a puni ka conductor a i ʻole ka papa hou o ka conductor (e like me ka refractory mica tape), a ʻo kāna hana ʻo ia ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka conductor mai ka lawe ʻana i ka volta pili a pale i ka leakage.
ʻO nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no ka insulation extruded he polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), haʻahaʻa halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (LSZH/HFFR), fluoroplastics, thermoplastic elasticity (TPE), ka pulupulu silicone (SR), ka pulupulu ethylene propylene (EPM/EPDM), etc.
3. Palekana
Hana: ʻO ka papa pale i hoʻohana ʻia i nā huahana uea a me nā huahana kelepona ʻelua mau manaʻo ʻokoʻa loa.
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ke ʻano o nā uea a me nā kaula e hoʻouna ana i nā hawewe electromagnetic kiʻekiʻe (e like me ke alapine o ka lekiō, nā kelepona uila) a i ʻole nā kui palupalu (e like me nā kaula hōʻailona) i kapa ʻia he pale electromagnetic. ʻO ke kumu e pale ai i ka hoʻopili ʻana o nā hawewe electromagnetic o waho, a i ʻole e pale i nā hōʻailona kiʻekiʻe o ke kaula mai ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka honua o waho, a me ka pale ʻana i ka hoʻopili like ʻana ma waena o nā hui uea.
ʻO ka lua, ʻo ke ʻano o nā kaula uila uila a me ke kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohālikelike ai i ke kahua uila ma ka ʻaoʻao conductor a i ʻole ka ʻili insulating i kapa ʻia he pale kahua uila. ʻO ka'ōlelo koʻikoʻi,ʻaʻole pono ka pale uila i ka hana o ka "pale", akā hoʻokani wale i ka hana o ka homogenizing i ke kahua uila. Hoʻokumu mau ʻia ka pale e hoʻopuni ana i ke kaula.
* Ka hoʻolālā pale electromagnetic a me nā mea hana
① ʻO ka pale pale: hoʻohana nui ʻia ka uea keleawe ʻole, ka uea keleawe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka tin-plated, ka uea keleawe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kālā, ka uea alumini-magnesium alloy, ka lipine paʻa keleawe, ka lipine keleawe i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ke kālā, etc. lua a i ʻole ke kumu uwea;
② Palena lipine keleawe: hoʻohana i ka lipine keleawe palupalu e uhi a ʻōwili paha i waho o ke kumu uwea;
③ Palena lipine metala: e hoʻohana i ka pepa alumini Mylar lipine a i ʻole copper foil Mylar lipine e hoʻopili ai a i ʻole e ʻōwili pololei i ka lua uea a i ʻole ke kumu uwea;
④ Palekana holoʻokoʻa: Hoʻohana piha ʻia e nā ʻano pale like ʻole. No ka laʻana, e hoʻopili (1-4) i nā uea keleawe lahilahi ma ke poʻo ma hope o ka wahī ʻana me ka pepa alumini Mylar tape. Hiki i nā kaula keleawe ke hoʻonui i ka hopena conduction o ka pale;
⑤ Hoʻokaʻawale i ka pale + pale holoʻokoʻa: pale ʻia kēlā me kēia hui uea a i ʻole pūʻulu o nā uea e ka pahu alumini Mylar tape a i ʻole uea keleawe i wili ʻia i kahi kaʻawale, a laila hoʻohui ʻia ka hale pale holoʻokoʻa ma hope o ke kau ʻana;
⑥ Ka pale ʻana: E hoʻohana i ka uwea keleawe lahilahi, ka lipine keleawe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e hoʻopili ai i ke kumu uea insulated, ʻelua uea a i ʻole ke kumu uwea.
* ʻO ke kahua a me nā mea hana pale kahua uila
Palena Semi-conductive: No nā kaula mana o 6kV a ma luna, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi ʻāpana pale semi-conductive lahilahi i ka ʻili conductor a me ka ʻili insulating. ʻO ka papa pale pale conductor he papa semi-conductive extruded. ʻO ka pale alakaʻi me ka ʻāpana keʻa o 500mm² a ma luna aʻe i haku ʻia me ka lipine semi-conductive a me ka papa semi-conductive extruded. ʻO ka papa pale insulating he hale extruded;
Hoʻopili ʻia ka uea keleawe: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka uea keleawe poepoe no ke kāwili ʻana i ke kuhikuhi ʻana, a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao o waho e hōʻeha ʻia a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka lipine keleawe a i ʻole ka uea keleawe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana i nā uwea me ka manawa pōkole pōkole nui, e like me kekahi mau ʻāpana nui 35kV uwea. uwea mana hoʻokahi;
Kāwili lipine keleawe: ʻōwili me ka lipine keleawe palupalu;
④ ʻO ka pahu alumini corrugated: Hoʻohana ia i ka extrusion wela a i ʻole ka alumini tape longitudinal wrapping, welding, embossing, etc. ʻO kēia ʻano pale he maikaʻi hoʻi ka pale wai, a ua hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe a me ka ultra-high-voltage.
4. Puu
ʻO ka hana o ka sheath ka pale ʻana i ke kaula, a ʻo ke kumu ke pale i ka insulation. Ma muli o ka loli mau o ka hoʻohana ʻana, nā kūlana hoʻohana a me nā koi mea hoʻohana. No laila, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano, nā ʻano hana a me nā koi hana o ka sheathing structure, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i ʻekolu mau ʻāpana:
ʻO ka mea hoʻokahi ka pale ʻana i nā kūlana climatic o waho, nā ikaika mechanical i kekahi manawa, a me kahi papa pale maʻamau e koi ai i ka pale sila maʻamau (e like me ka pale ʻana i ke komo ʻana o ka wai a me nā kinoea ʻino); Inā loaʻa ka ikaika nui o waho a i ʻole ke kaumaha o ke kaula, pono e loaʻa kahi ʻano pale pale o ka papa kila kila; ʻo ke kolu ka papa hana pale me nā koi kūikawā.
No laila, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano o ka uea a me ke kaula i ʻelua mau mea nui: sheath (sleeve) a me waho. He mea maʻalahi ke ʻano o ka puʻu o loko, ʻoiai ʻo ka puʻu o waho e pili ana i ka papa kila kila a me kona ʻāpana o loko (e pale ai i ka pale kaua mai ka hōʻino ʻana i ka papa o loko), a me ka puʻu o waho e pale ai i ka pale pale, etc. . Pono kekahi mau mea e hoʻohui i nā mea e pono ai i ka hale o waho.
ʻO nā mea hoʻohana maʻamau:
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), haʻahaʻa uahi halogen free flame retardant polyolefin (LSZH/HFFR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-30-2022