ʻO ke ʻano kumu o ka uea a me ke kaula e komo pū ana me ke alakaʻi, ka insulation, ka pale ʻana, ka upet a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.
1. Alakaʻi
Hana: ʻO ke alakaʻi kahi ʻāpana o kahi uea a me ke kaula e hoʻoili i ka ikehu uila (magnetic), ka ʻike a hoʻokō i nā hana kikoʻī o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ikehu electromagnetic.
Mea Hana: ʻO nā alakaʻi i uhi ʻole ʻia, e like me ke keleawe, ka alumini, ke keleawe metala, ka alumini metala; nā alakaʻi i uhi ʻia me ka metala, e like me ke keleawe tinned, ke keleawe i uhi ʻia me ke kālā, ke keleawe i uhi ʻia me ka nickel; nā alakaʻi i uhi ʻia me ke metala, e like me ke kila i uhi ʻia me ke keleawe, ka alumini i uhi ʻia me ke keleawe, ke kila i uhi ʻia me ka alumini, a pēlā aku.
2. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻana
Hana: Ua kāʻei ʻia ka papa hoʻokaʻawale a puni ke alakaʻi a i ʻole ka papa keu o ke alakaʻi (e like me ka lipine mica refractory), a ʻo kāna hana ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ke alakaʻi mai ka hali ʻana i ke volta e pili ana a pale i ke au leakage.
ʻO nā mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no ka insulation extruded he polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), low-smoke halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (LSZH/HFFR), fluoroplastics, thermoplastic elasticity (TPE), silicone rubber (SR), ethylene propylene rubber (EPM/EPDM), a pēlā aku.
3. Palekana
Hana: ʻO ka papa pale i hoʻohana ʻia i nā huahana uea a me ke kaula he ʻelua mau manaʻo like ʻole.
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ke ʻano o nā uea a me nā kaula e hoʻouna ana i nā nalu electromagnetic alapine kiʻekiʻe (e like me ke alapine lekiō, nā kaula uila) a i ʻole nā au nāwaliwali (e like me nā kaula hōʻailona) ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka pale electromagnetic. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ia ke ālai i ka hoʻopilikia ʻana o nā nalu electromagnetic o waho, a i ʻole e pale i nā hōʻailona alapine kiʻekiʻe i loko o ke kaula mai ka hoʻopilikia ʻana me ke ao waho, a e pale i ka hoʻopilikia like ʻana ma waena o nā hui uea.
ʻO ka lua, ʻo ke ʻano o nā kaula mana uila waena a me ke kiʻekiʻe e hoʻohālikelike i ke kahua uila ma ka ʻili o ke alakaʻi a i ʻole ka ʻili insulating ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he pale kahua uila. ʻO ka ʻōlelo pololei, ʻaʻole pono ka pale kahua uila i ka hana o ka "pale", akā hoʻokani wale i ke kuleana o ka homogenizing i ke kahua uila. ʻO ka pale e hoʻopuni ana i ke kaula ua hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia.
* ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale electromagnetic a me nā mea hana
① Pale pale ulana: hoʻohana nui ʻia ka uea keleawe ʻōlohelohe, uea keleawe i uhi ʻia me ka tin, uea keleawe i uhi ʻia me ke kālā, uea alumini-magnesium alloy, lipine pālahalaha keleawe, lipine pālahalaha keleawe i uhi ʻia me ke kālā, a pēlā aku e ulana ʻia ma waho o ke kumu insulated, uea pālua a i ʻole ke kumu uwea;
② Pale ʻana i ka lipine keleawe: e hoʻohana i ka lipine keleawe palupalu e uhi a kāʻei paha i waho o ke kumu o ke kaula;
③ Pale lipine hui metala: e hoʻohana i ka lipine alumini Mylar a i ʻole ka lipine keleawe Mylar e kāʻei a puni a i ʻole e kāʻei pololei i ka hui uea a i ʻole ke kumu uwea;
④ Pale piha: Hoʻopili piha ʻia e nā ʻano pale like ʻole. No ka laʻana, e kāʻei i nā uea keleawe lahilahi (1-4) ma ke ʻano kū pololei ma hope o ka kāʻei ʻana me ka pepa alumini Mylar. Hiki i nā uea keleawe ke hoʻonui i ka hopena alakaʻi o ka pale;
⑤ Pale pale kaʻawale + pale holoʻokoʻa: pale ʻia kēlā me kēia hui uea a i ʻole hui o nā uea e ka foil alumini Mylar tape a i ʻole ke uea keleawe i ulana ʻokoʻa ʻia, a laila hoʻohui ʻia ke ʻano pale holoʻokoʻa ma hope o ke kaula ʻana;
⑥ Pale ʻōwili: E hoʻohana i ka uea keleawe lahilahi, ka lipine keleawe pālahalaha, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e ʻōwili a puni ke kumu uea insulated, ka pālua uea a i ʻole ke kumu uwea.
* ʻO ke ʻano a me nā mea hana pale kahua uila
Palekana semi-conductive: No nā kaula mana o 6kV a ma luna, ua hoʻopili ʻia kahi papa pale semi-conductive lahilahi i ka ʻili o ke alakaʻi a me ka ʻili insulating. ʻO ka papa pale alakaʻi he papa semi-conductive i hoʻopuka ʻia. ʻO ka pale alakaʻi me kahi ʻāpana kea o 500mm² a ma luna, ua hana pinepine ʻia me ka lipine semi-conductive a me ka papa semi-conductive i hoʻopuka ʻia. ʻO ka papa pale insulating he ʻano extruded;
ʻUhi uea keleawe: Hoʻohana nui ʻia ka uea keleawe poepoe no ka ʻuhi like ʻana, a ua wili ʻia ka papa waho i hope a hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka lipine keleawe a i ʻole ka uea keleawe. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hale i nā kaula me ke au pōkole nui, e like me kekahi mau kaula ʻāpana nui 35kV. uea mana hoʻokahi-core;
ʻōwili lipine keleawe: ʻōwili ʻia me ka lipine keleawe palupalu;
④ ʻUpena alumini corrugated: Hoʻohana ia i ka extrusion wela a i ʻole ka lipine alumini longitudinal wrapping, welding, embossing, etc. Loaʻa i kēia ʻano pale ke ālai wai maikaʻi loa, a hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā kaula mana voltage kiʻekiʻe a me nā ultra-kiʻekiʻe.
4. ʻUhi
ʻO ka hana o ka ʻūpā ke pale i ke kaula, a ʻo ke kumu ke pale i ka insulation. Ma muli o ke kaiapuni hoʻohana e loli mau nei, nā kūlana hoʻohana a me nā koi o ka mea hoʻohana. No laila, ʻokoʻa nā ʻano, nā ʻano hoʻonohonoho a me nā koi hana o ka ʻōnaehana uhi, hiki ke hōʻuluʻulu ʻia i ʻekolu mau māhele:
ʻO kekahi, ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i nā kūlana aniau o waho, nā mana mechanical i kekahi manawa, a me kahi papa pale maʻamau e pono ai ka pale sila maʻamau (e like me ka pale ʻana i ke komo ʻana o ka mahu wai a me nā kinoea ʻino); Inā he ikaika nui o waho mechanical a i ʻole e halihali i ke kaumaha o ke kaula, pono e loaʻa kahi ʻano papa pale o ka papa pale hao; ʻo ke kolu ka ʻano papa pale me nā koi kūikawā.
No laila, ua māhele ʻia ke ʻano o ka ʻupena o ka uea a me ke kaula i ʻelua mau ʻāpana nui: ka ʻupena (lima) a me ka ʻupena o waho. He maʻalahi ke ʻano o ka ʻupena o loko, ʻoiai ʻo ka ʻupena o waho e komo pū ana me ka papa pale hao a me kona papa uhi o loko (e pale aku i ka papa pale mai ka hōʻino ʻana i ka papa ʻupena o loko), a me ka ʻupena o waho e pale aku i ka papa pale, a pēlā aku. No nā ʻano koi kūikawā like ʻole e like me ka pale ahi, ke kūʻē ʻana i ke ahi, ka pale ʻana i nā pepeke (termite), ka pale ʻana i nā holoholona (nahu ʻiole, peck manu), a pēlā aku, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e hoʻoponopono ʻia ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā kemika like ʻole i ka ʻupena o waho; pono kekahi e hoʻohui i nā ʻāpana pono i loko o ke ʻano o ka ʻupena o waho.
ʻO nā mea i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia:
ʻO ka Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), ka polyolefin pale ahi haʻahaʻa halogen free (LSZH/HFFR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Dec-30-2022