I loko o nā ʻōnaehana mana hou, he kuleana koʻikoʻi nā uwea kiʻekiʻe. Mai nā pūnaewele mana ma lalo o nā kūlanakauhale a hiki i nā laina hoʻouna lōʻihi ma nā mauna a me nā muliwai, nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe e hōʻoia i ka pono, kūpaʻa a me ka palekana o ka ikehu uila. E ʻimi hohonu ana kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻenehana like ʻole e pili ana i nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe, me ko lākou kūkulu ʻana, ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, ka hana hana, nā hiʻohiʻona hana, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.
1.Basic hale o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
ʻO nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe ka mea nui i nā conductors, nā papa insulation, nā pale pale a me nā papa pale.
ʻO ka conductor ke ala hoʻouna no kēia manawa a hana mau ʻia me ke keleawe a i ʻole alumini. Loaʻa i ke keleawe ka conductivity maikaʻi a me ka ductility, ʻoiai he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ke kumu kūʻai a me ke kaumaha o ka alumini. ʻO kēia mau mea hoʻokele ma ke ʻano o nā wili wili he nui e hoʻonui i ka maʻalahi.
ʻO ka ʻāpana insulation kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ke kaula uila kiʻekiʻe, e hana ana i kahi hana i ka pale ʻana i ka leakage o kēia manawa a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka conductor mai ka honua waho. ʻO nā mea insulating maʻamau ka polyethylene (XLPE), ka pepa aila, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Loaʻa i ka XLPE nā waiwai uila maikaʻi loa, kūpaʻa wela a me ka ikaika mechanical, a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā uwea kiʻekiʻe-voltage hou.
Hoʻokaʻawaleʻia ka papa pale i ka pale o loko a me ka pale waho. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pale o loko e hana i ka ʻaʻahu uila a pale i ka hoʻokuʻu kūloko mai ka hōʻino ʻana i ka papa insulation; hiki i ka pale o waho ke hoʻemi i ka hoʻopili ʻana o ke kahua electromagnetic waho ma ke kaula, a pale pū hoʻi i ke kaula mai ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hopena electromagnetic ma waho o ka honua.
Mālama ka papa pale i ke kaula mai ka pōʻino e nā mea o waho e like me ka pōʻino mechanical, corrosion kemika a me ke komo ʻana o ka wai. ʻO ka mea maʻamau i haku ʻia me ka pale kaua metala a me ka puʻu waho. Hiki i ke kapa kila ke hāʻawi i ka ikaika mechanical, a ʻo ka puʻu o waho he mau hana wai a me nā hana anti-corrosion.
2. Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
E like me ka pae uila, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe i nā kaula waena-voltage (maʻamau 3-35kV), nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe (35-110kV), nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe (110-500kV) a me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe. - nā kaula uila (ma luna o 500kV). ʻOkoʻa nā kelepona o nā pae uila like ʻole i ka hoʻolālā hoʻolālā, nā koi insulation, etc.
Mai ka hiʻohiʻona o nā mea insulating, ma waho aʻe o nā kaula XLPE a me nā kaula pepa aila i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna nei, aia kekahi mau kaula ethylene-propylene rubber. He moʻolelo lōʻihi nā ʻaila-pepa, akā ma muli o ko lākou mau koina mālama kiʻekiʻe a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻololi mālie ʻia lākou e nā kaula XLPE. ʻO ka ethylene propylene rubber cable ka maʻalahi a me ka pale ʻana i ka wā, a kūpono ia no kekahi mau hanana kūikawā.
3. Ke kaʻina hana o ke kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ke kaula uila kiʻekiʻe he hana paʻakikī a paʻakikī.
ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā conductors e koi mua i ke keleawe a i ʻole nā mea alumini e hohola ʻia, wili a me nā kaʻina hana ʻē aʻe e hōʻoia i ka pololei o ka dimensional a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka conductor. I ka wā o ka wili ʻana, pono e hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia nā kaula o nā kaula e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka conductivity o ka conductor.
ʻO ka extrusion o ka papa insulation kekahi o nā mea nui. No ka papa insulation XLPE, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka mea XLPE i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a ua kāwili ʻia i ka conductor. I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana extrusion, pono e mālama pono ʻia nā ʻāpana e like me ka mahana, ke kaomi a me ka wikiwiki extrusion e hōʻoia i ka maikaʻi a me ka mānoanoa like ʻole o ka papa insulation.
Hana ʻia ka papa pale e ka ulana uwea metala a i ʻole ka ʻōwili lipine metala. ʻO nā kaʻina hana o nā pale o loko a me waho he ʻokoʻa iki, akā pono nā mea ʻelua e hōʻoia i ka pono o ka pale pale a me ka pilina uila maikaʻi.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka papa pale e pili ana i ka waiho ʻana o ka mea kaua metala a me ka extrusion o ka puʻu waho. Pono ka pale kila metala ma luna o ke kaula, a ʻo ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka puʻu o waho e hōʻoia i ka helehelena maʻemaʻe me ka ʻole o nā kīnā e like me nā ʻōhū a me nā māwae.
4. Nā hiʻohiʻona hana o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
Ma ke ʻano o ka hana uila, pono nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe e loaʻa i ke kūpaʻa insulation kiʻekiʻe, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa dielectric a me ka pale uila maikaʻi. Hiki i ke kūpale insulation kiʻekiʻe ke pale aku i ka leaka o kēia manawa, ʻo ka haʻahaʻa dielectric nalowale e hōʻemi i ka nalowale o ka ikehu uila i ka wā o ka hoʻoili ʻana, a ʻo ke kūpaʻa uila maikaʻi e hōʻoia e hiki i ke kaula ke hana palekana i kahi kūlana kiʻekiʻe.
Ma ke ʻano o nā waiwai mechanical, pono e lawa ka ikaika tensile o ke kaula, ka radius kuʻi a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena. I ka wā o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka hana ʻana, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ke kaula i ka hoʻolōʻihi ʻia, ke kulou a me ka hopena o waho. Inā ʻaʻole lawa nā waiwai mechanical, maʻalahi ka hana ʻino ʻana i ke kaula.
ʻO ka hana wela kekahi mea nui. Na ke kaula e hoʻoulu i ka wela i ka wā e hana ai, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka holo ʻana ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. No laila, pono i ke kaula ke loa'a ka pale wela maika'i a hiki iā ia ke hana ma'amau i loko o kekahi pae wela me ka pilikia 'ole e like me ka 'elemakule insulation. Hiki i ke kaula XLPE ke pale i ka wela a hiki ke hana no ka manawa lōʻihi ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
5. Hoʻokomo a mālama i nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
Ma keʻano o ka hoʻokomoʻana,ʻo ka mea mua e hana ai,ʻo ia ke hoʻolālā i ke ala e hōʻoia ai i ke ala e kau ai i ke kaula he kūpono a palekana. I ka wā o ka hoʻomoe ʻana, pono e mālama ʻia e pale aku i ka hoʻolōʻihi nui ʻana, ke kulou a me ka extrusion o ke kaula. No ka waiho ʻana i ke kaula lōʻihi, hoʻohana mau ʻia nā mea hana e like me nā conveyor cable e kōkua i ke kūkulu ʻana.
ʻO ka hanaʻana i nā hui uwea he loulou nui ia i ke kaʻina hana. Hoʻopili pololei ka maikaʻi o ka hui i ka hilinaʻi hana o ke kaula. I ka hanaʻana i nā hono, pono e weheʻia ke kaula, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, pili a hoʻopiliʻia. Pono e hoʻokō pono ʻia kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu e like me nā koi o ke kaʻina hana e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokō ʻana o nā pono uila a me nā mechanical o ka hui i nā koi.
Pono ka hana mālama ʻana no ka hana kūpaʻa lōʻihi o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe. Hiki ke ʻike koke i ka nānā mau ʻana inā ua pōʻino ke ʻano o ke kaula a i ʻole ka puʻu. I ka manawa like, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kekahi mau mea hoʻāʻo e hoʻāʻo i ka hana insulation a me ka hoʻokuʻu hapa o ke kaula. Inā loaʻa nā pilikia, pono e hoʻoponopono a hoʻololi paha i ka manawa.
6. Ka hāʻule ʻole a me ka ʻike ʻana i nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
ʻO nā hemahema maʻamau o nā uwea uila kiʻekiʻe, ʻo ia ka haki ʻana o ka insulation, ka hemo ʻana o ke alakaʻi, a me ka pau ʻole o ka hui. Hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ma muli o ka wā kahiko o ka insulation, ka hoʻokuʻu hapa, a i ʻole ka overvoltage waho. ʻO ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka conductor ma muli o ka ikaika o waho a i ʻole ke kaumaha lōʻihi. Ma muli o ka maikaʻi ʻole o ke kaʻina hana hui a i ʻole ka wela nui i ka wā o ka hana.
No ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau hemahema, nui nā ʻano ʻike. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka hoʻokuʻu hapa he ʻano hana maʻamau. Ma ka ʻike ʻana i ka hōʻailona i hana ʻia e ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ʻāpana i ke kaula, hiki ke hoʻoholo inā aia nā hemahema insulation i loko o ke kaula. Hiki ke ʻike i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka volta hiki ke kū i ka hiki ke kū i ke kaula a loaʻa nā pilikia insulation. Eia kekahi, hiki i ka ʻenehana infrared thermal imaging ke ʻike i ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wela ma ka ʻili o ke kaula, i ʻike ʻia inā pilikia paha ke kaula e like me ka overheating kūloko.
7.Application a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻōnaehana mana
I nā ʻōnaehana mana, hoʻohana nui ʻia nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana o ke kūlanakauhale, nā laina puka o nā kikowaena mana nui, ka hoʻouna ʻana i ke kaula submarine a me nā kahua ʻē aʻe. Ma nā pūnaewele mana o ke kūlanakauhale, ma muli o ka palena liʻiliʻi, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaula lalo ke mālama i ka lewa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nani o ke kūlanakauhale. Pono nā laina i waho o nā kikowaena mana nui e hoʻohana i nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe e hoʻouna i ka uila i nā substation mamao. Hiki i ka hoʻouna ʻana i ke kaula submarine ke hoʻomaopopo i ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka mana o ke kai a hāʻawi i ka mana paʻa no nā mokupuni a me nā wahi kahakai.
Me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka ʻenehana mana, ua hōʻike pū nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe i kekahi mau ʻano hoʻomohala. ʻO kekahi ka noiʻi a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaula me nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka volta. Me ka piʻi ʻana o ka noi no ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka mana lōʻihi, e lilo ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaula uila ultra-high. ʻO ka lua ka naʻauao o nā kaula. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea ʻike a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe i loko o ke kaula, hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ke kūlana hana o ke kaula a me ka ʻōlelo aʻo hewa, a laila e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hilinaʻi hana o ke kaula. ʻO ke kolu, ʻo ia ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaula pili kaiapuni. E like me ka piʻi ʻana o nā koi o ka poʻe no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, ʻo ka noiʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, nā mea uwea recyclable e lilo i alakaʻi hoʻomohala e hiki mai ana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-24-2024