Ma nā wahi i uhi ʻia e ka hau a me ka hau, hiki i ke koho ʻana o hoʻokahi kaula ke hoʻopilikia i ka palekana a me ke kūpaʻa o ka ʻōnaehana mana holoʻokoʻa. I nā wahi hoʻoilo koʻikoʻi, hiki i nā kaula PVC insulation maʻamau a me nā kaula PVC sheath ke lilo i mea palupalu, māwae maʻalahi, a hōʻemi i ka hana uila, hiki ke hana i nā hemahema a i ʻole nā pōʻino palekana. Wahi a ka Power Engineering Cable Design Standard, ʻo nā wahi me nā mahana haʻahaʻa makahiki ma lalo o -15°C e koi ana i nā kaula haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻoiai ʻo nā wahi ma lalo o -25°C e pono ai nā kaula mana pale anu i hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia, nā kaula pale kaua, a i ʻole nā kaula pale kila.
1. Ka hopena o ke anu nui ma nā kaula
ʻO nā kaula i nā mahana haʻahaʻa e kū nei i nā pilikia he nui. ʻO ka embrittlement haʻahaʻa ka pilikia pololei loa. ʻO nā kaula mana maʻamau i uhi ʻia me ka PVC e nalowale ana ka maʻalahi, māwae ke kūlou, a hiki ʻole ke hoʻokō i nā koi o nā ʻano ʻino. Hiki i nā mea insulation, ʻoiai ʻo PVC, ke hōʻino, e alakaʻi ana i nā hewa hoʻoili hōʻailona a i ʻole ka liki ʻana o ka mana. ʻO nā kaula pale kaua, me nā kaula pale kila, pono i nā mahana hoʻonohonoho ma luna o -10°C, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā kaula mana ʻaʻole i pale kaua.XLPEPono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻia nā kaula i hoʻopili ʻia me ka insulated, nā kaula i uhi ʻia me ka PE, a me nā kaula i uhi ʻia me ka LSZH i loko o kahi mahana no ka liʻiliʻi he 24 mau hola ma ≥15°C ma mua o ke kau ʻana e mālama i ka hana kūpono.
2. Ka Hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā Codes Model Cable
Hoʻomaka ke koho ʻana i ke kaula kūpono me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i kāna code kumu hoʻohālike, e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o ke kaula, ka mea alakaʻi, ka insulation, ka ʻupena o loko, ka hale, ka ʻupena o waho, a me nā waiwai kūikawā.
Nā Mea Alakaʻi: Makemake ʻia nā ʻiwi keleawe ("T") i nā wahi anuanu no ka conductivity wela haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe. Ua hōʻailona ʻia nā ʻiwi alumini "L."
Nā Mea Hoʻokaʻawale: V (PVC), YJ (XLPE), X (Lāhola). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana wela haʻahaʻa o nā kaula XLPE (YJ) a me nā kaula i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia me ka lāhola.
Nā Mea Uhi: He palena haʻahaʻa ko PVC. Hāʻawi nā uhi PE, PUR (polyurethane), PTFE (Teflon), a me LSZH i ke kūpaʻa anu maikaʻi no nā kaula mana, nā kaula hoʻomalu, a me nā kaula haʻahaʻa.
Nā Māka Kūikawā: TH (tropical wet), TA (tropical dry), ZR (flame-retardant), NH (fire-resistant) paha e pili ana. Hiki i kekahi mau kaula pale kaua a i ʻole nā kaula hoʻokele ke hoʻohana pūLipine Mylar or Lipine Mylar Pepa aluminino ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana, pale ʻana, a i ʻole ka pale mīkini i hoʻonui ʻia.
3. Koho ʻana o ke kaula ma o ka mahana
Pono nā ʻano anuanu like ʻole i nā mea uwea like a me ke kūkulu ʻana e pale aku i ka hāʻule ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana:
> -15°C: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kaula mana maʻamau i uhi ʻia me ka PVC, akā pono ke kau ʻana ma >0°C. Palena: PVC, PE, XLPE.
> -30°C: Pono nā mea uhi e komo pū me ka PE, PVC kūpaʻa anu, a i ʻole nā uhi hui nitrile. Palekana: PE, XLPE. Mahana hoʻonohonoho ≥ -10°C.
< -40°C: Pono nā mea uhi he PE, PUR, a i ʻole PTFE. Palekana: PE, XLPE. Mahana hoʻonohonoho ≥ -20°C. Makemake ʻia nā kaula pale kaua, nā kaula pale kila lipine, a me nā kaula i uhi ʻia me ka LSZH no ka hilinaʻi nui loa.
4. Hoʻokomo a me ka mālama ʻana
Pono ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana no ke kau ʻana o ke kaula pale anu. He mea nui ka hoʻomehana mua ʻana i nā kaula ke hāʻule nā mahana ma lalo o nā palena i ʻōlelo ʻia: 5–10°C (~3 lā), 25°C (~1 lā), 40°C (~18 hola). Pono e hoʻopau ʻia ke kau ʻana i loko o 2 mau hola ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana i ka waihona i hoʻomehana ʻia. E lawelawe mālie i nā kaula, e pale i ka hāʻule ʻana, a e hoʻoikaika i nā kūlou, nā pali, a i ʻole nā wahi wili. E nānā i nā kaula a pau ma hope o ke kau ʻana, me nā kaula pale kaua, no ka hōʻino ʻana o ka ʻūpā, nā māwae, a i ʻole nā pilikia insulation. E hoʻohana i ka Mylar Tape a i ʻole ka Aluminum Foil Mylar Tape e like me ka mea e pono ai no ka pale ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā kaula hōʻailona a me ka mana.
5. Nā Manaʻo Hoʻopihapiha
Ma waho aʻe o ka mahana, e noʻonoʻo i kēia mau mea i ke koho ʻana i nā kaula pale anu:
Kaiapuni Hoʻokomo: Hoʻopilikia ke kanu pololei ʻana, ka ʻauwaha uwea, a i ʻole ka pā i ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i ka wela a me ka pale mīkini. Pono e hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā ʻūpā PE, PUR, PTFE, a me LSZH e like me ia.
Nā Pono Mana a me nā Hōʻailona: E loiloi i ka helu uila, ka hiki ke lawe i ke au, ka kūpaʻa o ka hōʻailona, a me ke kū'ē ʻana i nā mea hoʻopilikia. Pono paha ka lipine Mylar Foil Aluminum no ka pale ʻana i nā kaula uila haʻahaʻa, kaohi, a i ʻole nā kaula mea hana.
Nā Koina Pale Lapaʻau a me ke Kūpaʻa Ahi: Pono paha ʻo ZR, NH, a me WDZ (low smoke halogen-free) no nā wahi i loko, tunnel, a i ʻole nā wahi i pani ʻia.
Hoʻokele Waiwai a me ke Ola: ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai mua o nā kaula hao kila XLPE, PE, PUR, PTFE, a i ʻole ke kila i pale ʻia i ke anu akā e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻololi a me ka manawa hana ʻole ma muli o ka pōʻino haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ke koho ʻana i nā mea uwea kūpono e kū i ke anu, me nā uwea PVC, XLPE, PE, PUR, PTFE, LSZH, nā uwea pale kaua, a me nā uwea kila, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hilinaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana mana, ka hana palekana, a me ka hana lōʻihi i nā kūlana hoʻoilo koʻikoʻi. He mea nui ke koho ʻana i nā uwea kūpono ʻaʻole wale no ke kūpaʻa o ka mana akā no ka palekana uila holoʻokoʻa.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-21-2025