ʻIke loea i nā kaula wai ʻole

1. He aha ke kaula pale wai?
ʻO nā kaula hiki ke hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia i ka wai ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he mau kaula mana kūpaʻa wai (wai ʻole). Ke waiho ʻia ke kaula ma lalo o ka wai, pinepine i loko o ka wai a i ʻole nā ​​wahi pulu, pono ke kaula e loaʻa ka hana o ka pale ʻana i ka wai (kūʻē), ʻo ia hoʻi, pono e loaʻa ka hana o ke kūpaʻa wai piha, i mea e pale ai i ka wai mai ke komo ʻana i loko o ke kaula, e hōʻino ai i ke kaula, a e hōʻoia i ka hana paʻa o ke kaula ma lalo o ka wai no ka manawa lōʻihi. ʻO ke kumu hoʻohālike kaula wai ʻole i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo JHS, nona ke kaula wai ʻole lima laholio, ua māhele ʻia ke kaula wai ʻole i ke kaula mana wai ʻole a me ke kaula kamepiula wai ʻole, a pēlā aku, a ʻo nā ʻelele o ke kumu hoʻohālike ʻo FS-YJY, FS-DJYP3VP3.

2. ʻAno o ke ʻano o ke kaula wai ʻole
(1). No nā kaula hoʻokahi-core, e kāʻei i kalipine pale wai semi-conductivema luna o ka pale insulation, e kāʻei i ka maʻamaulipine pale waima waho, a laila e ʻomi i ka ʻūpā o waho, i mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hoʻopili piha ʻana o ka pale metala, e kāʻei wale i ka lipine pale wai semi-conductive ma waho o ka pale insulation, ʻaʻole e kāʻei hou ka pale metala i ka lipine pale wai, ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o nā koi hana wai ʻole, hiki ke hoʻopiha ʻia ka hoʻopiha me ka mea hoʻopihapiha maʻamau a i ʻole ka mea hoʻopihapiha poloka wai. ʻO ka uhi o loko a me nā mea o waho o ka ʻūpā e like me nā mea i wehewehe ʻia ma ke kaula hoʻokahi.

(2). Ua ʻōwili lōʻihi ʻia kahi papa lipine alumini i uhi ʻia me ka palakiko i loko o ka ʻūpā waho a i ʻole ka papa uhi o loko e like me kahi papa pale wai.

(3). E hoʻokuʻu pololei i ka ʻūpā waho HDPE ma luna o ke kaula. Ua lako ka kaula XLPE i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ma luna o 110kV me kahi ʻūpā metala e hoʻokō ai i nā koi wai ʻole. Loaʻa i ka pale metala ka imperfection piha a me ke kūpaʻa wai radial maikaʻi. ʻO nā ʻano nui o ka ʻūpā metala: ka ʻūpā alumini i kaomi wela ʻia, ka ʻūpā alakaʻi i kaomi wela ʻia, ka ʻūpā alumini corrugated i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ka ʻūpā kila corrugated i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, ka ʻūpā metala i huki anu ʻia a pēlā aku.

3. ʻAno pale wai o ke kaula pale wai
Ma ke ʻano laulā, ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻano, ʻo ke kūpaʻa wai Vertical a me ka radial. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kūpaʻa wai Vertical eolonā pale wai, ka pauka wai a me ka lipine ālai wai, aia ka ʻōnaehana pale wai i loko o kēia mau mea e loaʻa ai kahi wai e hoʻonui i ka mea, ke komo ka wai mai ka hopena o ke kaula a i ʻole mai ka ʻūpā i loko, e hoʻonui koke kēia mea i ka wai e pale aku i ka hoʻolaha hou ʻana ma ke kaula lōʻihi, e hoʻokō i ke kumu o ka pale wai lōʻihi o ke kaula. Hoʻokō nui ʻia ke kūpaʻa wai radial ma ka extruding HDPE non-metallic sheath a i ʻole ke kaomi wela, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ke kaha kiʻi anu ʻana i ka ʻūpā metala.

4. Ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā kaula wai ʻole
ʻEkolu mau ʻano kaula wai ʻole i hoʻohana ʻia ma Kina:
(1). ʻO ke kaula i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka pepa ʻaila ka kaula maʻamau e kū i ka wai. Hoʻopiha ʻia kona pale a me nā alakaʻi me ka ʻaila kaula, a aia kahi ʻaʻahu metala (ʻaʻahu kēpau a i ʻole ka ʻaʻahu alumini) ma waho o ka pale, ʻo ia ke kaula kū i ka wai maikaʻi loa. I ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻohana nā kaula he nui ma lalo o ka wai (a i ʻole ma lalo o ka wai) i nā kaula i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka pepa ʻaila, akā ua kaupalena ʻia nā kaula i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka pepa ʻaila e ka hāʻule ʻana, aia nā pilikia me ka liki ʻaila, a he mea paʻakikī ka mālama ʻana, a i kēia manawa ua emi iki ka hoʻohana ʻia ʻana.

(2). ʻO ke kaula ethylene propylene rubber insulated i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā laina hoʻoili wai haʻahaʻa a me ka waena ma muli o kāna hana insulation kiʻekiʻe me ka hopohopo ʻole o ka "lāʻau wai". Hiki i ke kaula uhi ʻia me ka laholio wai ʻole (ʻAno JHS) ke hana palekana i ka wai pāpaʻu no ka manawa lōʻihi.

(3). ʻO ke kaula uila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka polyethylene cross-linked (XLPE) ma muli o kona mau waiwai uila, mechanical a me ke kino maikaʻi loa, a he maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana, ʻano māmā, nui ka hiki ke hoʻoili, kūpono ke kau ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia e ka hāʻule ʻana a me nā pono ʻē aʻe, lilo ia i mea insulation i hoʻohana nui ʻia, akā he mea koʻikoʻi loa ia i ka makū, i ke kaʻina hana a me ka hana inā loaʻa ka impregnation wai i ka insulation, hiki ke haki i ka "lāʻau wai", e hoʻopōkole nui ana i ke ola lawelawe o ke kaula. No laila, ʻo ke kaula polyethylene i hoʻopaʻa ʻia me ka cross-linked, ʻoiai ke kaula uila waena a me ke kiʻekiʻe ma lalo o ka hana o ka uila AC, pono e loaʻa kahi "hale pale wai" i ka wā e hoʻohana ʻia ai i kahi wai a i ʻole kahi pulu.

5. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kaula wai ʻole a me ke kaula maʻamau
ʻO ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā kaula wai ʻole a me nā kaula maʻamau, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kaula maʻamau i ka wai. ʻO ke kaula wai ʻole JHS kekahi ʻano kaula palupalu ʻo ka uhi laholio, ʻo ka insulation he insulation laholio, a me ke kaula ʻo ka uhi laholio maʻamau, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ke kaula wai ʻole JHS, akā aia i loko o ka wai a i ʻole kekahi e hele ma waena o ka wai. ʻO nā kaula wai ʻole he 3 cores maʻamau, ʻo ka hapa nui o lākou e hoʻohana ʻia i ka wā e hoʻopili ai i ka pamu, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā kaula wai ʻole ma mua o nā kaula ʻo ka uhi laholio maʻamau, he paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale inā he wai ʻole mai ke ʻano, pono ʻoe e nīnau i ka mea kūʻai aku e ʻike i ka papa wai ʻole.

6. ʻO nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke kaula pale wai a me ke kaula pale wai
Uaea wai ʻole: pale i ka wai mai ke komo ʻana i loko o ke ʻano o ke kaula, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi ʻano a me nā mea hana wai ʻole.

Uaea pale wai: ʻAe ka hoʻāʻo i ka wai e komo i loko o ke kaula, a ʻaʻole ʻae i ke komo ʻana i ka lōʻihi i kuhikuhi ʻia ma lalo o nā kūlana i kuhikuhi ʻia. Ua māhele ʻia ke kaula pale wai i ka pale wai o ke alakaʻi a me ka pale wai o ke kumu o ke kaula.

ʻAno pale wai o ke alakaʻi: hoʻohui i ka pauka pale wai a me ka olonā pale wai i ke kaʻina hana o ke kaula uea hoʻokahi, i ka wā e komo ai ke alakaʻi i ka wai, e hoʻonui ka pauka pale wai a i ʻole ka olonā pale wai me ka wai e pale ai i ke komo ʻana o ka wai, ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana pale wai o ke alakaʻi paʻa.

ʻO ke ʻano pale wai o ke kumu uwea: ke hōʻino ʻia ka ʻūpā waho a komo ka wai, hoʻonui ʻia ka lipine pale wai. Ke hoʻonui ʻia ka lipine pale wai, hana koke ia i kahi ʻāpana pale wai e pale aku ai i ke komo hou ʻana o ka wai. No ke uwea ʻekolu-kumu, he mea paʻakikī loa ke hoʻokō i ke kūpaʻa wai holoʻokoʻa o ke kumu uwea, no ka mea, he nui a ʻano ʻole ka hakahaka waena o ke kumu uwea ʻekolu-kumu, ʻoiai inā ua hoʻopiha ʻia ka poloka wai, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka hopena kūpaʻa wai, ua ʻōlelo ʻia e hana ʻia kēlā me kēia kumu e like me ke ʻano kūpaʻa wai hoʻokahi-kumu, a laila hoʻokumu ʻia ke uwea.