ʻO ke au hou o ka ʻoihana kaʻa kaʻa hou e kau nei i ka misionari ʻelua o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka ʻoihana a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana a me ka pale ʻana i ke kaiapuni o ka lewa, kahi e hoʻoikaika nui ai i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka ʻoihana o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea pono ʻē aʻe no nā kaʻa uila, a me nā mea hana kelepona a me nā kino hōʻoia. ua hoʻolilo i ka nui o ka ikehu i ka noiʻi ʻana a me ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe no nā kaʻa uila. ʻO nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe no nā kaʻa uila he mau koi hana kiʻekiʻe ma nā ʻano āpau, a pono e hoʻokō i ka maʻamau RoHSb, flame retardant grade UL94V-0 mau koi maʻamau a me ka hana palupalu. Hoʻopuka kēia pepa i nā mea hana a me ka ʻenehana hoʻomākaukau o nā kaula uila kiʻekiʻe no nā kaʻa uila.
1. ʻO ka mea o ke kaula uila kiʻekiʻe
(1) Mea hoʻokele o ke kaula
I kēia manawa, ʻelua mau mea nui o ke kaula conductor layer: keleawe a me ka alumini. Manaʻo kekahi mau ʻoihana e hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ke kumu alumini i kā lākou kumukūʻai hana, ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i ke keleawe, ka hao, ka magnesium, ke silikoni a me nā mea ʻē aʻe ma ke kumu o nā mea alumini maʻemaʻe, ma o nā kaʻina hana kūikawā e like me ka synthesis a me ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa annealing, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka conductivity uila, kulou. ka hoʻokō a me ka corrosion kū'ē o ke kaula, i mea e hoʻokō i nā koi o ka hoʻouka ukana hoʻokahi, e hoʻokō i ka hopena like me nā conductors kumu keleawe a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi. No laila, mālama nui ʻia ke kumukūʻai hana. Eia nō naʻe, ke manaʻo nei ka hapa nui o nā ʻoihana i ke keleawe ma ke ʻano he kumu nui o ka papa conductor, ʻo ka mea mua, he haʻahaʻa ka resistivity o ke keleawe, a laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o ke keleawe ma mua o ka alumini ma ka pae like, e like me ka nui o kēia manawa. hiki ke halihali, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, haʻahaʻa i ka ikehu a me ka hilinaʻi ikaika. I kēia manawa, hoʻohana maʻamau ke koho ʻana i nā conductors i nā conductors 6 palupalu maʻamau (ʻoi aku ka nui o ka elongation keleawe hoʻokahi ma mua o 25%, ʻoi aku ke anawaena o ka monofilament ma mua o 0.30) e hōʻoia i ka palupalu a me ka paʻakikī o ka monofilament keleawe. Papa 1 papa inoa i nā kūlana e pono e hoʻokō ʻia no nā mea hoʻokele keleawe maʻamau.
(2) ʻO nā mea hoʻopaʻa insulating o nā kaula
He paʻakikī ke kaiapuni o loko o nā kaʻa uila, i ke koho ʻana i nā mea insulating, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, e hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana palekana ʻana i ka papa insulation, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, e like me ka hiki ke koho i ka hana maʻalahi a me nā mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ka mea hoʻohana maʻamau.polyethylene pili kea (XLPE).
Ma waena o lākou, aia ka PVC i ke alakaʻi, akā ua pāpā ka RoHS Directive i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke alakaʻi, mercury, cadmium, hexvalent chromium, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) a me polybrominated biphenyls (PBB) a me nā mea ʻino ʻē aʻe, no laila ua hoʻololi ʻia ka PVC i nā makahiki i hala. XLPE, silicone rubber, TPE a me nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni.
(3) Lapa pale uwea
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka ʻāpana pale i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: semi-conductive shielding layer a braided shielding layer. ʻO ka nui o ka resistivity o ka semi-conductive shielding material ma 20 ° C a me 90 ° C a ma hope o ka ʻelemakule he ʻano helu ʻenehana koʻikoʻi e ana i ka mea pale, kahi e hoʻoholo ai i ke ola lawelawe o ke kaula uila kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā mea pale semi-conductive maʻamau ka ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), apolyethylene (PE)mea pili. I ka hihia ʻaʻohe pono o ka mea maka a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka pae maikaʻi i ka wā pōkole, ʻo nā keʻena noiʻi ʻepekema a me nā mea hana kelepona e kālele ana i ka noiʻi o ka ʻenehana hana a me ka ratio formula o ka mea pale, a ʻimi i ka mea hou i ka lākiō haku mele o ka mea pale e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana holoʻokoʻa o ke kaula.
2.High voltage uwea kaʻina hoʻomākaukau
(1) ʻenehana strand conductor
Ua hoʻomohala ʻia ke kaʻina hana maʻamau o ke kaula no ka manawa lōʻihi, no laila aia nō kā lākou mau kikoʻī maʻamau i ka ʻoihana a me nā ʻoihana. Ma ke kaʻina o ke kaha kiʻi uea, e like me ke ʻano untwisting o ka uea hoʻokahi, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea stranding i ka mīkini stranding untwisting, untwisting stranding machine a me untwisting / untwisting stranding machine. Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka crystallization kiʻekiʻe o ke keleawe conductor, ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi o ka annealing a me ka manawa, ua kūpono ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā mīkini stranding untwisting e hoʻokō i ka huki mau ʻana a me ka huki mau ʻana i ka monwire e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka elongation a me ka haʻihaʻi o ke kaha kiʻi uea. I kēia manawa, ua hoʻololi loa ke kaula polyethylene (XLPE) i ke kaula pepa aila ma waena o 1 a me 500kV mau pae uila. ʻElua mau kaʻina hana hoʻokele maʻamau no nā mea hoʻokele XLPE: ka hoʻopili pōʻai a me ka wili wili. Ma ka lima hoʻokahi, hiki i ke kumu uea ke pale i ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe i ka pipeline i hoʻopili ʻia e kaomi i kāna mea pale a me nā mea insulation i loko o ka uea i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a hana ʻino; Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, hiki iā ia ke pale i ka infiltration wai ma ke ala conductor e hōʻoia i ka hana palekana o ke kaula. ʻO ka conductor keleawe ponoʻī he concentric stranding structure, ka mea i hana nui ʻia e ka mīkini stranding frame maʻamau, mīkini stranding fork, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.
(2) XLPE uwea insulation hana hana
No ka hana ʻana i ke kaula uila XLPE kiʻekiʻe, ʻelua mau kaʻina hana ʻelua ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke keʻa maloʻo catenary (CCV) a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i ke keʻa maloʻo kūpaʻa (VCV).
(3) Kaʻina extrusion
Ma mua, ua hoʻohana nā mea hana uea i kahi kaʻina extrusion lua e hana i ke kumu o ka insulation cable, ʻo ka hana mua i ka manawa like extrusion conductor pale a me ka insulation layer, a laila hoʻopili ʻia a ʻeha i ka pā kaula, waiho ʻia no kahi manawa a laila extrusion. pale pale. I ka makahiki 1970, ua ʻike ʻia kahi kaʻina extrusion 1 + 2 ʻekolu-layer i loko o ke kumu uea insulated, e ʻae ana i ka pale o loko a me waho a hoʻopau ʻia i ka hana hoʻokahi. Hoʻopuka mua ke kaʻina hana i ka pale conductor, ma hope o kahi pōkole (2 ~ 5m), a laila e hoʻokuʻu i ka pale a me ka pale pale ma ka pale conductor i ka manawa like. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo nā ala mua ʻelua he mau drawbacks nui, no laila i ka hopena o nā makahiki 1990, ua hoʻolauna nā mea hoʻolako uila i kahi kaʻina hana co-extrusion ʻekolu-layer, kahi i hoʻokuʻu ai i ka pale conductor, insulation a me ka pale insulation i ka manawa like. I kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei, ua hoʻokumu pū nā ʻāina ʻē i kahi poʻo extruder barrel hou a me ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka mesh plate curved, ma ke kaupaona ʻana i ke kahe o ka lua o ke poʻo screw e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea, e hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa hana hoʻomau, e hoʻololi i ka hoʻololi pau ʻole o nā kikoʻī. hiki i ka hoʻolālā poʻo ke mālama nui i nā koina downtime a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka pono.
3. Ka hopena
Loaʻa i nā kaʻa ikehu hou nā manaʻo hoʻomohala maikaʻi a me kahi mākeke nui, pono i kahi ʻano o nā huahana uila uila kiʻekiʻe me ka nui o ka ukana, ke kūpaʻa wela kiʻekiʻe, ka hopena pale electromagnetic, ke kūlou ʻana, ka maʻalahi, ke ola hana lōʻihi a me nā hana maikaʻi ʻē aʻe i ka hana a noho i ka makeke. Loaʻa ka manaʻo ākea no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā mea uila uila uila kiʻekiʻe a me kāna kaʻina hoʻomākaukau. ʻAʻole hiki i ka kaʻa uila ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana hana a hōʻoia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palekana me ka ʻole o ke kaula uila kiʻekiʻe.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: ʻAukake-23-2024